Folks,
Estne vox populi vox Dei? Minime! Populus Deus non est. (Translation is at the end, so read through first.)
Last night at Eucharistic Adoration I had the chance to consider the question and its answer above as I read the old, old story of the anointing of Saul as king of Israel and his subsequent rejection by God. The pertinent chapters include
1st Samuel 8 through
1st Samuel 15.
In chapter 8 the people of Israel came to Samuel to tell him that they wanted a king to judge them as the other nations had kings. Samuel was displease and prayed to the Lord, who responded by pointing out that it was not Samuel who was being rejected, but the Lord as their king. So Samuel warned the people the slavery to which a king would subject them, and how they would eventually complain of their decision, but on that day the Lord would not answer them. This did not matter to the people; they declared in verse 20, “We too must be like other nations, with a king to rule us and to lead us in warfare and fight our battles.”
The thing that struck me in this chapter was the desire of the people to be like the other pagan nations surrounding them. No longer did they want the freedom and responsibility of being God’s Chosen people; rather, they wanted the mediocrity, indeed the slavery, of conformity and equality. That is precisely the attitude of most people in America today. As Dr. Jerry Pournelle constantly points out at his
Chaos Manor web site, freedom and equality cannot co-exist. The children of Israel thus chose equality.
Chapters 9 and
10 then go on to describe Saul’s anointing, and how Saul prophesied among the prophets. The thing that struck me here was that Saul was not all bad, for how else could he have prophesied among the prophets? Yet, Saul could not during his kingship remain obedient, and thus was rejected. God gave Saul a chance just as He gives all of us a fair chance, and Saul squandered his opportunity with ego and pride. The end of chapter 10 records how some worthless men objected to Saul’s ability to save Israel; it is noteworthy that these men are called “worthless.” That should remind us that even though we may object to a leader God has allowed to rule over us, we too could make ourselves worthless by criticizing. We are to honor the king whether we agree or disagree with his selection.
Chapter 11 records how Saul defeated Nahash the Ammonite (whom we learn in the next chapter was their king). The first noteworthy thing in this chapter is that even though contrary to God’s will the children of Israel demanded a king, God was yet able to use this king to deliver them from the oppression of the Ammonites. The other noteworthy thing in this chapter is that Saul could be kind and forgiving. Some men in the previous chapter objected to Saul’s kingship, and now that Saul had won victory over the Ammonites, the people wanted to put these men to death. But Saul put a stop to this by declaring; “No man is to be put to death this day, for today the LORD has saved Israel.”
Chapter 12 records how Samuel reprimanded the people for demanding a king. It points out that the people’s demand for a king occurred not because Samuel’s two sons were corrupt, but because the people feared Nahash the Ammonite. We learn in this chapter that the people’s complaints against Joel and Abijah in
Samuel 8:1-5 was just a ruse to cover up their fear that the Lord could not deliver them from the evil Nahash. As usual, the people neither trusted God (in their fear) nor wished to obey God (in their pride). How often indeed are fear and pride the opposite sides of the same coin? Yet in spite of the people’s infidelity to God, Samuel said, “As for me, far be it from me to sin against the LORD by ceasing to pray for you and to teach you the good and right way.”
Chapter 13 records the first time of how Saul disobeyed the Lord openly. His son Jonathan had won a victory over the Philistines at Gibeah, and Saul held out at Gilgal, waiting seven days for the appointed arrival of Samuel. When Samuel did not arrive on time, Saul (contrary to instructions) offered the sacrifice to the Lord. Of course, when the offering was finished, Samuel arrived and asked what Saul had done. Saul responded by blaming the men who were with him, “When I saw that the men were slipping away from me, since you had not come by the specified time, and with the Philistines assembled at Michmash, I said to myself, 'Now the Philistines will come down against me at Gilgal, and I have not yet sought the LORD'S blessing.' So in my anxiety I offered up the holocaust.” Samuel then explained that if Saul had kept the Lord’s word, then his kingship would have been established over Israel as everlasting; but as it was, his kingdom would now be given to a man after God’s own heart. I pondered what was meant by a man after God’s own heart, and then looked at why Saul did what he did: he was fearful (afraid his men would desert him) and he was prideful (he took Samuel’s authority onto himself to offer the sacrifice). Here we again have the twin snakes of fear and pride. The end of the chapter describes how the Israelites had no iron weapons since only the Philistines did the blacksmithing; this sets Israel up at a significant military disadvantage, being without iron swords, spears and shields. Yet in spite of this, and in spite of Saul’s disobedience, God delivered them.
Chapter 14 records how both Jonathan and Saul won separate battles against the Philistines. Saul was so full of himself at the victory won that day that he swore a very rash oath, saying, "Cursed be the man who takes food before evening, before I am able to avenge myself on my enemies.” Notice that in Saul’s mind the battle was not the Lord’s but his own struggle for vengeance. So none of the people ate except for Jonathan who was not with Saul to have heard the command. Thus, when Jonathan found a honeycomb, he ate some the honey, not knowing about Saul’s oath. Of course, at the end of the day the people were completely exhausted from having routed the Philistines and from not having had anything to eat, so when it was time to eat, they slaughtered the cattle taken as spoils from the Philistines, and before enough time had transpire from the blood to drain out, they ate of the meat and thereby disobeyed the command against eating blood. Thus we find that Saul’s rash oath – one act of disobedience – resulted in two adverse consequences: the people eating blood contrary to Mosaic Law, and his son Jonathan now being under the curse of death. Of course, when Saul learned that the people had eaten blood, he had them repent, and when he learned that Jonathan was the one who had broken the oath about not eating, the people saved him by declaring, “Is Jonathan to die, though it was he who brought Israel this great victory? This must not be! As the LORD lives, not a single hair of his head shall fall to the ground, for God was with him in what he did today!” Yet in the end (some chapters later), both Saul and Jonathan die horrible deaths. While punishment can be delayed, it was not averted in the case of Saul because he never truly became repentant, as
Chapter 15 tells us.
Chapter 15 recounts the story of Saul’s victory over the Amalekites, and of his disobedience that results in God tearing the kingdom of Israel from him. Now the Amalekites were a band of pagan nomadic raiders who persecuted the Israelities during their journey from Egypt to Canaan (see
Deuteronomy 25:17-19). The Israelites had been told that they would “…blot out the memory of Amalek from under the heavens.” So the Lord ordered Saul, “Go, now, attack Amalek, and deal with him and all that he has under the ban. Do not spare him, but kill men and women, children and infants, oxen and sheep, camels and asses.” Saul then won victory over the Amalekites, but “he and his troops spared Agag [the Amalekite king] and the best of the fat sheep and oxen, and the lambs. They [the Israelites] refused to carry out the doom on anything that was worthwhile, dooming only what was worthless and of no account.” It never occurred to either Saul or the men of his army that God had declared everything of the Amalekites “worthless and of no account”, hence the order for their destruction. Yet Saul and his people thought they knew better than God and so preserved what they thought was worthwhile and of account. Of course Samuel confronted Saul about this, and again Saul blames the people – the men who were with him – and claimed that the reason was to offer up in sacrifice to the Lord the things that they had not destroyed. It just did not occur to them that God didn’t want pagan, demonic property (which is all that the pagan Amalekites had) offered up to him in sacrifice. Here those famous verses of Scripture are written that the Lord desires obedience better than sacrifice, and submission than the fat of the rams. Saul then admits that he sinned. But Samuel explains that because he had rejected the command of the Lord (in this case, by listening to the people), the Lord rejected him as king over Israel. As Samuel turned to go, Saul reached out and tore a part of Samuel’s cloak off. So Samuel said, “The LORD has torn the kingdom of Israel from you this day…” yet in an apparent attempt at repentance Saul still did NOT “get” it, for he said, “I have sinned, yet honor me now before the elders of my people and before Israel. Return with me that I may worship the LORD your God.” Saul was interested only in his own honor, and called the Lord Samuel’s God; notice that Saul does not say, “Return with me that I may worship the LORD our God,” or “Return with me that I may worship the LORD my God.” He says, “Return with me that I may worship the LORD your God.” So is the Lord Saul’s God or not? That’s the question, which we find time again that Saul answers with a “NO”.
At the end of this chapter it is Samuel who carried out God’s sentence of justice on King Agag of the Amalekites. Samuel said to him, "As your sword has made women childless, so shall your mother be childless among women." Then he cut Agag into pieces before the Lord in Gilgal. But Samuel was sad, so very sad:
“Never again, as long as he lived, did Samuel see Saul. Yet he grieved over Saul, because the LORD regretted having made him king of Israel.”
There is much in these chapters of the book of 1st Samuel for us Americans to contemplate in this day and age. Is the voice of the people the voice of God? By no means! The people are NOT God!